ответы на экзамен по английскому языку

ЭКЗАМЕНАЦИОННЫЙ БИЛЕТ № 14

1 вопрос (20 баллов). Выберите правильный(е) ответ(ы):

1.1.For which of the budgets below, the indicator of grants received is extremely crucial in providing the budget balanced?

1. local budget;

2. national (federal) budget;

3. budget of an extra-budgetary fund;

4. regional (subnational) budget.

1.2.Which of the following regulatory approach(es) is (are) targeted practically only at achieving fiscal sustainability (self-regulation)?

1. social transfers system;

2. public contracting;

3. sovereign funding;

4. public investing in high technologies;

5. federal grant to a regional budget as an aid to maintain fiscal capacity of a region;

6. federal targeted grant to a regional budget on co-funding conditions aimed to develop a particular industry within the region;

7. regional grant to a local budget as an aid to maintain fiscal capacity of a municipality.

1.3.Choose three correct objectives which a government is trying to accomplish when engaging the private sector into public-private partnership projects (e.g. PPP’s infrastructural projects):

1. to implement technological innovations;

2. to gain a short-term profit;

3. to increase efficiency of government expenditures by distributing the production and financial risks, and achieving the mutual benefits;

4. to ensure the proportional socio-economic growth and macroeconomic stability;

5. to reduce supply of public goods;

6. to assist to a chosen private company in its monopolistic expansion.

1.4.Customer satisfaction measure is characterized by the following:

1. independent outcome measure that let evaluate the impact of government performance
2. an output measure that shows the amount of consumers of the goods or service
3. might supplement, but not replace, the objective measures of results
4. rough indicator influenced by the numerous other technical and methodological factors when calculating it

1.5.Among listed below find two output indicator:

1. number of student graduated;

2. number of state-funded places in the university required for forthcoming academic year;

3. number of patients obtained medical care;

4. number of in-patient bed needed for forthcoming fiscal year;

5. number of students successfully graduated university;

6. number of patients obtained the medical care without complication of disease

3 вопрос (20 баллов). Практико-ориентированное задание:

Explain the regulative function of the modern Russian tax policy.

Tax regulation is used by the state in solving the problems of socio-economic development of society and is an integral part of tax policy, which in turn is subordinate to the tasks of economic state policy.

Tax regulation is directly related to the economic nature of taxes. The obligation to pay taxes, which is predetermined by their legislative nature, as well as individual non-payment of taxes, is only a form of manifestation of the economic essence.

The state has a choice of instruments of socio-economic policy. Along with the application of tax benefits and exemptions (indirect subsidies), budget spending programs (direct subsidies) can be implemented.

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