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“ Her mother is perfectly unbearable. Never met such a Gorgon (O.W.)." is an example of

· antonomasia

· zeugma

· pun

· Epithet

“"Eliza: you are an idiot, waste the treasures of my Miltonic mind by spreading them before you (B.SH.).” is an example of

· oxymoron

· epithet

· simile

· Allusion

“He loved the afterswim salt-and-sunshine smell of her hair. (Jn.B.)” is an example of

· epithet

· metonymy

· metaphor

· Onomatopoeia

“He's a proud, haughty, consequential, turned-nosed peacock (D.)" is an example of

· zeugma

· epithet

· metaphor

· Metonymy

“Her family is one aunt about a thousand years old (Sc.F.)” is an example of

· hyperbole

· epithet

· simile

· Metaphor

“I am thinking an unmentionable thing about your mother. (I.Sh.)” is an example of

· zeugma

· periphrasis

· graphon

· Anaphora

“I do not consult physicians, for I hope to die without their help. (W.T.)” is an example of

· inversion

· repetition

· pun

· Irony

“Mr. Stiggins… took his hat and his leave” is the example of

· pun

· metaphor

· zeugma

· Antonomasia

“Of course it is important. Incredibly, urgently, desperately important (D.Sayers).” is an example of

· chiasmus

· detachment

· parallel constructions

· climax

“She was crazy about you. In the beginning. (R. W.) ” is an example of

· inversion

· detachment

· parallel constructions

· chiasmus

“Some people have much to live on, and little to live for (O.Wilde).” is an example of

· litotes

· metonymy

· antithesis

· Understatement

“Streaked by a quarter moon, the Mediterranean shushed gently into the beach (I.Sh).” is an example of:

· onomatopoeia

· metaphor

· assonance

· Alliteration

“The girls were dressed to kill (J.Br.)" is an example of

· irony

· epithet

· simile

· Hyperbole

“There comes a period in every man's life, but she is just a semicolon in his.” is an example of

· metonymy

· onomatopoeia

· metaphor

· Pun

“There were some bookcases of superbly unreadable books (E.W.)." is an example of

· oxymoron

· epithet

· hyperbole

· Irony

“You have nobody to blame but yourself. The saddest words of tongue or pen.” is an example of

· litotes

· metonymy

· alliteration

· Understatement

A recognized term for a group of words with entirely new meanings imposed on them existing in almost every language, whose aim is to preserve secrecy within one or another social group is

· jargonisms

· barbarisms

· vulgarism

· Professionalisms

Archaism proper are...

· archaic words with the fixed sphere of usage in poetry and elevated prose and with the function of imbuing the work of art with a lofty poetic colouring

· words denoting such concepts and phenomena that have gone out of use in modern times

· antiquated or obsolete words replaced by new ones

· barbarisms and foreign words

Archaisms are…

· words denoting objects, processes, phenomena of science, humanities, technique

· words denoting such concepts and phenomena that have gone out of use in modern times

· barbarisms and foreign words

· words, used by limited groups of people

At the lexical level stylistics studies

· a set of morphological, syntactical, transpositional representations

· tropes

· graphical shapes of texts

· hierarchical system of sounds, words and clauses

Brief news items (newspaper style) are characterized by

· terms (political or economic)

· emotional colouring

· the use of the first person singular

· obsolete words

Dialectal words are:

· normative and devoid of any stylistic meaning in regional dialects, but used outside of them, carry a strong flavour of the locality where they belong

· words denoting such concepts and phenomena that have gone out of use in modern times

· words, used by most speakers in very informal communication, highly emotive and expressive

· words, used by limited groups of people

Expressive means are ...

· abstract in nature

· fixed in dictionaries and grammars

· abstract in nature but fixed in dictionaries

· used in everyday speech

Galperin’s classification of functional styles embraces

· 6 groups

· 7 groups

· 5 groups

· 3 groups

In Great Britain four major dialects are…

· New England, Southern, Northern and Midwestern

· Northern, Southern, Eastern and Western

· Lowland Scotch. Northern, Midland (Central) and Southern

· Highland. Northern, Southern and Western

In the USA the dialectal varieties are…

· New England, Southern and Midwestern (Central, Midland)

· Northern and Southern

· Northern, Southern and Western

· Northern, Southern and Eastern

Intentional violation of the graphical shape of a word (or word combination) used to reflect its authentic pronunciation is true for:

· assonance

· graphon

· onomatopoeia

· Alliteration

Jargonisms are:

· words denoting objects, processes, phenomena of science, humanities, technique

· words denoting such concepts and phenomena that have gone out of use in modern times

· words, used by most speakers in very informal communication, highly emotive and expressive

Lexical stylistic devices are...

· based on the binary opposition of lexical meanings regardless of the syntactical organization of the utterance

· based on the binary opposition of syntactical meanings regardless of their semantics

· based on the binary opposition of lexical meanings accompanied by fixed syntactical organization of employed lexical units

· based on the opposition of meanings of graphical elements of the language

Literary words can be found in

· in authorial speech, descriptions, considerations

· in the types of discourse, simulating (copying) everyday oral communication

· in the dialogue (or interior monologue) of a prose work

· in streets and homes

Morphological or partial archaisms are

· antiquated or obsolete words replaced by new ones

· words denoting such concepts and phenomena that have gone out of use in modern times

· archaic words with the fixed sphere of usage in poetry and elevated prose and with the function of imbuing the work of art with a lofty poetic colouring

· archaic forms of otherwise non-archaic words

· barbarisms and foreign words

Most lexical stylistic devices are based on … .

· a sound arrangement or stress or intonation which impart the utterance additional shades of meaning

· the principles of similarity of objects, their contrast or proximity

· peculiarities of the literary layer of a language

· interaction of the reader and the writer

Obsolete words are the words which:

· have already gone completely out of use but are still recognized by the English-speaking community

· are no longer recognizable in modern English or have become unrecognizable

· are in the beginning of the aging process when the word becomes rarely used

· are generally defined as "a new word or a new meaning for an established word"

One of the branches of stylistics is termed

· decoding

· contextual

· literary

· structural

Poetic and highly literary words belong to…layer

· neutral

· both neutral and literary

· literary

· both colloquial and literary

Poetic words are...

· antiquated or obsolete words replaced by new ones

· words denoting such concepts and phenomena that have gone out of use in modern times

· archaic words with the fixed sphere of usage in poetry and elevated prose and with the function of imbuing the work of art with a lofty poetic colouring

· archaic forms of otherwise non-archaic words

Professionalisms are:

· words denoting objects, processes, phenomena of science, humanities, technique

· words denoting such concepts and phenomena that have gone out of use in modern times

· words, used by most speakers in very informal communication, highly emotive and expressive

· words, used by limited groups of people, united by some kind of production activity or specialty

Slang is…

· words denoting objects, processes, phenomena of science, humanities, technique

· words denoting such concepts and phenomena that have gone out of use in modern times

· words, used by most speakers in very informal communication, highly emotive and expressive

· words, used by limited groups of people

Special literary words are constituted by

· terms and archaisms

· slang and jargonisms

· professionalisms and jargons

· dialectisms and foreignisms

Stanza rhyme is an example of

· phonetical EM

· morphological EM

· lexical EM

· syntactical EM

Syntactical stylistic devices are...

· based on the binary opposition of lexical meanings regardless of the syntactical organization of the utterance

· based on the binary opposition of syntactical meanings regardless of their semantics

· based on the binary opposition of lexical meanings accompanied by fixed syntactical organization of employed lexical units

· based on the opposition of meanings of graphical elements of the language

Terms are…

· words denoting objects, processes, phenomena of science, humanities, technique

· words denoting such concepts and phenomena that have gone out of use in modern times

· archaic words with the fixed sphere of usage in poetry and elevated prose and with the function of imbuing the work of art with a lofty poetic colouring

· archaic forms of otherwise non-archaic words

The actual situation of the communication has evolved … varieties of the language

· monological and dialogical

· gestures and body

· spoken and written

· syntactical and lexical

The aim of the style of official documents is

· to disclose the laws of development and relations between different phenomena

· to reach agreement between two contacting parties

· to comment on certain political, cultural, economic events

· to call aesthetic feelings of pleasure and promote cognitive process

The belles-lettres functional style includes

· the editorials

· the language of essays

· the language of emotive prose

· the language of official letters

The belles-lettres style rests on

· trite imagery

· brevity of expression

· genuine imagery

· neutral vocabulary

The biggest division of vocabulary is made up of

· literary words

· colloquial words

· neutral words

· historical words

· poetic words

The definition "these are expletives and swear words which are of an abusive character, obscene word like "damn", "bloody" etc" is appropriate for

· jargon words

· colloquial coinages

· barbarisms

· vulgar words

The function of the scientific prose style is

· to convince the receiver of information that the interpretation given by the author is the only correct one

· to call aesthetic feelings of pleasure and promote cognitive process

· to give logical progress of some idea

· to inform

The imagery of emotive prose is

· as rich as it is in poetry

· as rich as it is in drama

· not as rich as it is in poetry

· not identified

The main function of the literary language is

· aesthetic

· volitional

· communicative-intellectual

· accumulative

The main source of synonymy and polysemy are considered to be

· colloquial words

· neutral words

· literary words

· neutral, literary and colloquial words

The object of stylistics is…

· the semantic structure of the word and the interrelation (or interplay) of the connotative and denotative meanings of the word

· hierarchical system of sounds, words and clauses

· specific features of a text type or of a specific text

· the stylistic function of the vocabulary

The publicistic functional style includes

· the language of scientific prose

· the language of poetry

· the language of essays

· the language of advertisements and announcements

The sphere of application of the belles-letters style is

· mass media restricted by press

· fiction

· mass media

· oratory speeches

The sphere of application of the publicist style is

· speeches, essays, articles

· mass media restricted by press

· jurisdiction, business

· official requests, letters, documents

The style of official documents is characterized by the use of

· words in their logical dictionary meaning

· words in their logical contextual meaning

· emotiveness

· connotational component of the meaning

The word-stock of any given language can be roughly divided into

· literary, neutral and colloquial vocabulary

· literary and colloquial vocabulary

· neutral and colloquial vocabulary

· neutral, poetic, literary and colloquial

The words of foreign origin which have not been entirely been assimilated into the English language are…

· dialectal words

· vulgarisms

· barbarisms and foreignism

· archaic, obsolescent and obsolete words

Vulgarisms are:

· coarse words with a strong emotive meaning, mostly derogatory, normally avoided in polite conversation

· words denoting objects, processes, phenomena of science, humanities, technique

· words denoting such concepts and phenomena that have gone out of use in modern times

· words, used by most speakers in very informal communication, highly emotive and expressive